Delhi has reported an isolated case of Japanese encephalitis (JE) involving a 72-year-old man from West Delhi. The patient was admitted to the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) after experiencing severe chest pain. He was diagnosed with Japanese encephalitis following a blood test conducted on November 6. Authorities have assured the public that all necessary public health measures are in place as per the National Centre for Vector Borne Diseases Control (NCVBDC) guidelines.

The patient, who was also battling multiple health conditions such as diabetes, artery disease, bilateral lower limb weakness, and bowel and bladder incontinence, was discharged on the same day. Sources confirmed that while there have been no JE outbreaks in Delhi, occasional isolated cases are reported in tertiary care hospitals like AIIMS, Ram Manohar Lohia, and Safdarjung, often involving patients from neighbouring states.

According to the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme, 1,548 cases of Japanese encephalitis have been reported across 24 states and Union Territories in 2024, with Assam accounting for 925 cases. JE remains a significant health concern, particularly in rural parts of Asia during the monsoon season.

What Is Japanese Encephalitis?

Japanese encephalitis is a viral infection caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), primarily transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes, particularly of the Culex species. These mosquitoes often breed in stagnant water and amplify the virus in pigs, a key carrier.

Symptoms Of Japanese EncephalitisThe virus mainly affects the brain, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Common symptoms include:

- High fever,

- Headache,

- Vomiting,

- Neurological symptoms like confusion, seizures, and paralysis.

While many infected people remain asymptomatic, severe cases can lead to long-term brain damage, neurological disabilities, or even death.

Preventive Measures for Japanese Encephalitis

- Vaccination: JE vaccines are highly effective and are recommended for people living in or travelling to endemic regions.

- Mosquito Control: Use mosquito repellents, wear long-sleeved clothing, and sleep under mosquito nets to reduce exposure.

- Avoid Mosquito Breeding: Eliminate standing water around your home to prevent mosquito breeding.

- Seasonal Precautions: Be extra vigilant during monsoon seasons when the risk of mosquito-borne diseases is higher.

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